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1.What is the primary limitation on the freedom of speech and expression under Article 19(2) of the Indian Constitution?
- ANational Security
- BPublic Order
- CMorality
- DAll of the above
Explanation
Article 19(2) of the Indian Constitution allows for the imposition of reasonable restrictions on the freedom of speech and expression in the interests of sovereignty and integrity of India, security of the State, friendly relations with foreign States, public order, decency or morality, or in relation to contempt of court, defamation or incitement to an offence.
2.In whom is the executive power of the Union vested according to the Constitution of India?
- AThe Prime Minister
- BThe Parliament
- CThe President
- DThe Council of Ministers
Explanation
According to Article 53(1) of the Constitution of India, the executive power of the Union is vested in the President and is exercised by them either directly or through officers subordinate to them in accordance with the Constitution.
3.Which of the following freedoms is NOT included in Article 19 of the Indian Constitution?
- AFreedom of Speech and Expression
- BFreedom of Assembly
- CFreedom of Trade and Commerce
- DFreedom of Residence
Explanation
Article 19 of the Indian Constitution includes six freedoms: freedom of speech and expression, assembly, association, movement, residence, and profession. Freedom of Trade and Commerce is included in Article 301, not Article 19.
4.With reference to the pardoning power of the President of India under Article 72, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. The President, while exercising pardoning power, acts as a court of appeal and is bound to hear the petitioner orally.
2. This power is exercised by the President on the advice of the Union Cabinet, and not independently.
3. The President can pardon sentences inflicted by a Court Martial, whereas the Governor does not possess this power.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- A1 and 2 only
- B2 and 3 only
- C1 and 3 only
- D1, 2 and 3
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect because, as ruled by the Supreme Court in the Kehar Singh case (1989), the President does not act as a court of appeal while exercising power under Article 72. Furthermore, the petitioner has no right to an oral hearing by the President. Statement 2 is correct; the President is bound by the advice of the Council of Ministers (Union Cabinet) in exercising this power (Maru Ram v. Union of India). Statement 3 is correct; the Governor has no power to pardon or commute sentences given by a Court Martial (military court).
5.Which of the following is NOT a fundamental right protected under Article 19 of the Indian Constitution?
- ARight to property
- BRight to freedom of speech and expression
- CRight to assemble peaceably and without arms
- DRight to move freely throughout the territory of India
Explanation
The right to property is not a fundamental right protected under Article 19 of the Indian Constitution. It was repealed by the 44th Amendment Act, 1978.
6.Which of the following is NOT a restriction on the freedom of speech and expression under Article 19(2) of the Indian Constitution?
- ASovereignty and integrity of India
- BSecurity of the State
- CFriendly relations with foreign States
- DRight to property
Explanation
Article 19(2) of the Indian Constitution lists several restrictions on the freedom of speech and expression, including sovereignty and integrity of India, security of the State, and friendly relations with foreign States. However, right to property is not a restriction listed under Article 19(2).
7.What is the effect of Article 19(5) of the Indian Constitution on the right to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India?
- AIt completely restricts the right
- BIt partially restricts the right
- CIt fully protects the right
- DIt has no effect on the right
Explanation
Article 19(5) of the Indian Constitution fully protects the right to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India, which is a fundamental right of all citizens.
8.Which of the following is a ground for restricting the freedom of assembly under Article 19(3) of the Indian Constitution?
- ASovereignty and integrity of India
- BPublic order
- CMorality
- DAll of the above
Explanation
Article 19(3) of the Indian Constitution lists several grounds for restricting the freedom of assembly, including sovereignty and integrity of India, public order, and morality.
9.With reference to the election of the President of India, consider the following statements:
1. The value of the vote of an MLA is determined by dividing the total population of the State by the total number of elected and nominated members of the Legislative Assembly, multiplied by 1/1000.
2. The election of the President cannot be called in question on the ground of any vacancy in the electoral college.
3. The 84th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2001, has frozen the population of States at the 1971 census for the purpose of calculating the value of votes till the first census after 2026.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
- A1 and 2 only
- B2 and 3 only
- C1 and 3 only
- D1, 2 and 3
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect because the nominated members of the State Legislative Assemblies are excluded from both the electoral college and the calculation of the vote value. Only elected members are considered. Statement 2 is correct according to Article 71(4) of the Constitution, which states that the election of a person as President or Vice-President cannot be challenged on the ground of the existence of any vacancy for whatever reason among the members of the electoral college electing him. Statement 3 is correct; the 84th Amendment Act of 2001 extended the freeze on population figures (based on the 1971 census) for the determination of the value of votes in the Presidential election until the first census taken after 2026 is published.
10.Consider the following statements regarding the Electoral College for the election of the President of India:
1. Nominated members of the Rajya Sabha do not participate in the election of the President.
2. Members of State Legislative Councils do not have the right to vote in the President's election.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- A1 only
- B2 only
- CBoth 1 and 2
- DNeither 1 nor 2
Explanation
Both statements are correct. Under Article 54 of the Constitution, the Electoral College consists of the elected members of both Houses of Parliament and the elected members of the Legislative Assemblies of the States (including UTs of Delhi and Puducherry). Nominated members of Parliament and members of State Legislative Councils (MLCs) do not participate in the presidential election.
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